{"id":8770,"date":"2024-05-31T15:08:32","date_gmt":"2024-05-31T15:08:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/?p=8770"},"modified":"2024-10-02T13:24:26","modified_gmt":"2024-10-02T13:24:26","slug":"care-sunt-bolile-glandelor-salivare-cum-se-trateaza","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/care-sunt-bolile-glandelor-salivare-cum-se-trateaza\/","title":{"rendered":"Care sunt bolile glandelor salivare? Cum se trateaz\u0103?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Glandele salivare, care secret\u0103 saliva ce faciliteaz\u0103 digestia, joac\u0103 un rol vital \u00een men\u021binerea s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii orale. Cele trei perechi mari de glande din cavitatea bucal\u0103 produc lichidul care ajut\u0103 la mestecarea \u0219i \u00eenghi\u021birea alimentelor. Atunci c\u00e2nd func\u021bia acestor glande este redus\u0103 sau deteriorat\u0103, procesul de alimenta\u021bie poate deveni dificil \u0219i capacitatea de a sim\u021bi gustul poate fi afectat\u0103 negativ. Ca urmare, cre\u0219te riscul apari\u021biei cariilor dentare \u0219i a infec\u021biilor orale. Bolile glandelor salivare trebuie tratate cu seriozitate \u0219i abordate prin metode de tratament adecvate.<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_89 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Yaz\u0131 \u0130\u00e7eri\u011fi<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #ffffff;color:#ffffff\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #ffffff;color:#ffffff\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/care-sunt-bolile-glandelor-salivare-cum-se-trateaza\/#Cauzele_Afectiunilor_Glandelor_Salivare\" >Cauzele Afec\u021biunilor Glandelor Salivare<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/care-sunt-bolile-glandelor-salivare-cum-se-trateaza\/#Simptomele_Afectiunilor_Glandelor_Salivare\" >Simptomele Afec\u021biunilor Glandelor Salivare<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/care-sunt-bolile-glandelor-salivare-cum-se-trateaza\/#Metode_de_Diagnostic\" >Metode de Diagnostic<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/care-sunt-bolile-glandelor-salivare-cum-se-trateaza\/#Tratamentele_Afectiunilor_Glandelor_Salivare\" >Tratamentele Afec\u021biunilor Glandelor Salivare<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/care-sunt-bolile-glandelor-salivare-cum-se-trateaza\/#Sialadenita_si_Sialadenoza_Submandibulara\" >Sialadenita \u0219i Sialadenoza Submandibular\u0103<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/care-sunt-bolile-glandelor-salivare-cum-se-trateaza\/#Cauzele_Sialadenitei_si_Sialadenozei_Submandibulare\" >Cauzele Sialadenitei \u0219i Sialadenozei Submandibulare<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/care-sunt-bolile-glandelor-salivare-cum-se-trateaza\/#Efectele_Sialadenitei_si_Sialadenozei_Submandibulare_asupra_Urechii\" >Efectele Sialadenitei \u0219i Sialadenozei Submandibulare asupra Urechii<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/care-sunt-bolile-glandelor-salivare-cum-se-trateaza\/#Analiza_Microscopica_a_Sialadenitei_si_Sialadenozei_Submandibulare\" >Analiza Microscopic\u0103 a Sialadenitei \u0219i Sialadenozei Submandibulare<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/care-sunt-bolile-glandelor-salivare-cum-se-trateaza\/#Sialadenita_si_Sialadenoza_Submandibulare_Simptome_si_Metode_de_Examinare_Fizica\" >Sialadenita \u0219i Sialadenoza Submandibulare: Simptome \u0219i Metode de Examinare Fizic\u0103<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/care-sunt-bolile-glandelor-salivare-cum-se-trateaza\/#Diagnosticarea_Sialadenitei_si_Sialadenozei_Submandibulare\" >Diagnosticarea Sialadenitei \u0219i Sialadenozei Submandibulare<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/care-sunt-bolile-glandelor-salivare-cum-se-trateaza\/#Metode_Eficiente_de_Tratament_si_Gestionare\" >Metode Eficiente de Tratament \u0219i Gestionare<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/care-sunt-bolile-glandelor-salivare-cum-se-trateaza\/#Prognosticul_Sialadenitei_si_Sialadenozei_Submandibulare\" >Prognosticul Sialadenitei \u0219i Sialadenozei Submandibulare<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/care-sunt-bolile-glandelor-salivare-cum-se-trateaza\/#Complicatiile_Posibile_ale_Sialadenitei_si_Sialadenozei_Submandulare\" >Complica\u021biile Posibile ale Sialadenitei \u0219i Sialadenozei Submandulare<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cauzele_Afectiunilor_Glandelor_Salivare\"><\/span>Cauzele Afec\u021biunilor Glandelor Salivare<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Afec\u021biunile glandelor salivare pot fi cauzate de o varietate de factori. Utilizarea frecvent\u0103 a medicamentelor multiple, \u00eent\u00e2lnit\u0103 \u00een special la v\u00e2rstnici, provoac\u0103 adesea usc\u0103ciunea gurii. Aceast\u0103 condi\u021bie afecteaz\u0103 direct func\u021bia glandelor. <a href=\"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/tumor-neden-olur-tumorlerin-olusum-sureci-ve-farkli-turleri\/\">Formarea tumorilor<\/a> \u00eencepe de obicei cu cre\u0219teri nedureroase ale glandelor. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nidcr.nih.gov\/health-info\/saliva-salivary-gland-disorders\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tumorile maligne cresc rapid \u0219i pot provoca dureri sau amor\u021beli faciale \u00een timp.<\/a> Factorii de risc includ:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">V\u00e2rsta \u00eenaintat\u0103<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Radioterapie \u00een zona capului \u0219i g\u00e2tului<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Anumite tipuri de chimioterapie<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Expunerea la substan\u021be chimice specifice<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Obstruc\u021biile apar de obicei din cauza form\u0103rii de mici calculi \u00een canalele glandelor, provoc\u00e2nd durere. Infec\u021biile se dezvolt\u0103 frecvent dup\u0103 aceste obstruc\u021bii \u0219i duc la zone infectate dureroase. \u00cen plus, anumite boli sistemice pot afecta <a href=\"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/tedaviler\/tukuruk-bezi-hastaliklari\/\">glandele salivare<\/a>. Aceste boli includ:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">HIV-SIDA<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Sindromul Sj\u00f6gren<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Artrita reumatoid\u0103<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Diabetul<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>De asemenea, persoanele cu tulbur\u0103ri de consum de alcool pot prezenta umflarea glandelor salivare.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Simptomele_Afectiunilor_Glandelor_Salivare\"><\/span>Simptomele Afec\u021biunilor Glandelor Salivare<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Disfunc\u021bia glandelor salivare se manifest\u0103 prin diverse simptome. Primul dintre ele este senza\u021bia de gust nepl\u0103cut \u00een gur\u0103. \u00cen plus, pacien\u021bii pot avea dificult\u0103\u021bi \u00een deschiderea gurii. Aceast\u0103 problem\u0103 este de obicei asociat\u0103 cu usc\u0103ciunea gurii. Durerile faciale sau din interiorul gurii sunt, de asemenea, simptome frecvente ale acestor afec\u021biuni.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Gust nepl\u0103cut \u00een gur\u0103<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Dificult\u0103\u021bi la deschiderea gurii<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Usc\u0103ciunea gurii<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Dureri faciale sau bucale<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Amor\u021beal\u0103 sau sl\u0103biciune facial\u0103<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Umflarea fe\u021bei, g\u00e2tului sau sub limb\u0103<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Prezen\u021ba unei mase \u00een zona urechii, obrazului, maxilarului, buzelor sau \u00een interiorul gurii<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Metode_de_Diagnostic\"><\/span>Metode de Diagnostic<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Diagnosticarea afec\u021biunilor glandelor salivare necesit\u0103 o evaluare am\u0103nun\u021bit\u0103. Dup\u0103 o analiz\u0103 atent\u0103 a istoricului medical al pacientului, medicul efectueaz\u0103 un examen fizic. \u00cen aceast\u0103 etap\u0103, palparea este esen\u021bial\u0103 pentru identificarea anomaliilor din glande. Dac\u0103 sunt observate simptome precum obstruc\u021bia sau umflarea, medicul poate solicita teste imagistice suplimentare:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Radiografie<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Ecografie<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Aceste teste ajut\u0103 la localizarea \u0219i determinarea cauzei obstruc\u021biei. Dac\u0103 este prezent\u0103 o mas\u0103, pentru imagini mai detaliate se recomand\u0103:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Tomografie Computerizat\u0103 (CT)<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Rezonan\u021b\u0103 Magnetic\u0103 (IRM)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00cen cazurile \u00een care exist\u0103 suspiciuni de <a href=\"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/kanser-nedir-kanser-belirtileri-nedenleri-ve-tedavisi\/\">cancer<\/a>, medicul poate efectua o biopsie cu aspira\u021bie cu ac fin pentru a preleva mostre de \u021besut sau lichid. Pentru diagnosticarea bolilor autoimune, poate fi necesar\u0103 o biopsie de buz\u0103. Aceste metode permit un diagnostic corect \u0219i, prin urmare, un tratament eficient.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tratamentele_Afectiunilor_Glandelor_Salivare\"><\/span>Tratamentele Afec\u021biunilor Glandelor Salivare<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Tratamentul disfunc\u021biilor glandelor salivare depinde de cauzele subiacente. Problemele cauzate de boli sistemice necesit\u0103 \u00een primul r\u00e2nd tratament general de s\u0103n\u0103tate. \u00cen astfel de cazuri, pacientul trebuie direc\u021bionat c\u0103tre un specialist corespunz\u0103tor. Dac\u0103 problema glandelor salivare este cauzat\u0103 de o obstruc\u021bie mecanic\u0103, tratamentul implic\u0103 de obicei interven\u021bii realizate sub anestezie local\u0103. Medicul poate extinde canalul pentru a elimina piatra care cauzeaz\u0103 obstruc\u021bia.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cen cazul prezen\u021bei tumorilor, metodele de tratament includ:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/iyi-huylu-tumor-nedir-iyi-huylu-tumor-belirtileri-nelerdir\/\">Tumorile benigne<\/a> sunt de obicei \u00eendep\u0103rtate prin interven\u021bii chirurgicale.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Tumorile maligne sunt \u00eendep\u0103rtate chirurgical \u0219i tratate ulterior cu radioterapie sau chimioterapie.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00cen ambele cazuri, pacientul este direc\u021bionat c\u0103tre speciali\u0219ti \u00een otorinolaringologie. Tratamentul variaz\u0103 \u00een func\u021bie de loca\u021bia glandei \u0219i de severitatea bolii.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sialadenita_si_Sialadenoza_Submandibulara\"><\/span>Sialadenita \u0219i Sialadenoza Submandibular\u0103<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Sialadenita submandibular\u0103 este inflama\u021bia glandelor salivare submandibulare cauzat\u0103 de o infec\u021bie. Se dezvolt\u0103 rapid, de obicei din cauza infec\u021biilor bacteriene, fiind \u00eenso\u021bit\u0103 de durere \u0219i umflare. Aceasta apare \u00een special \u00een situa\u021biile \u00een care igiena oral\u0103 este inadecvat\u0103. De asemenea, calculii salivari pot bloca canalele glandei, cresc\u00e2nd riscul de infec\u021bie. Aceast\u0103 obstruc\u021bie face ca lichidul s\u0103 se acumuleze \u00een gland\u0103, facilit\u00e2nd infec\u021bia.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK562211\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sialadenita cronic\u0103<\/a> are un curs mai insidios:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Episoade recurente de inflama\u021bie,<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Senza\u021bie persistent\u0103 de umflare,<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Perioade asimptomatice.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Sialdenoza este caracterizat\u0103 prin umflarea simetric\u0103 \u0219i nedureroas\u0103 a glandelor salivare. Aceasta este considerat\u0103 adesea un indicator al unor boli sistemice \u0219i este asociat\u0103 cu:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Tulbur\u0103ri hormonale,<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Deficien\u021be nutri\u021bionale,<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Consumul cronic de alcool.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00cen ambele cazuri, diagnosticul \u0219i tratamentul precoce sunt esen\u021biale pentru prevenirea complica\u021biilor \u0219i men\u021binerea func\u021biilor orale s\u0103n\u0103toase. Metodele de tratament variaz\u0103 \u00een func\u021bie de cauza \u0219i severitatea bolii.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cauzele_Sialadenitei_si_Sialadenozei_Submandibulare\"><\/span>Cauzele Sialadenitei \u0219i Sialadenozei Submandibulare<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Sialadenita submandibular\u0103 se dezvolt\u0103 din diverse cauze infec\u021bioase, obstructive \u0219i inflamatorii. Cauzele infec\u021bioase includ \u00een principal:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Infec\u021bii bacteriene, \u00een special Staphylococcus aureus \u0219i Hemophilus influenza<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Infec\u021bii virale, cum ar fi oreionul \u0219i HIV<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Alte infec\u021bii, precum tuberculoza \u0219i Actinomyces.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Cauzele obstructive includ:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Sialolitiaz\u0103<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Stenoza canalului<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Corpi str\u0103ini \u00een canal, cum ar fi os de pe\u0219te, p\u0103r, plant\u0103 sau lam\u0103.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Cauzele inflamatorii includ \u00een principal:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Sialadenita post-radia\u021bie<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Sialadenita indus\u0103 de agen\u021bi de contrast \u0219i tratamente cu iod radioactiv<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Medicamente precum clozapina \u0219i L-asparaginaza<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Sialadenite autoimune, cum ar fi sindromul Sj\u00f6gren \u0219i bolile asociate cu IgG4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Sialadenoza este asociat\u0103 \u00een principal cu tulbur\u0103ri metabolice \u0219i endocrine. Cauzele principale includ:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Tulbur\u0103ri alimentare, cum ar fi bulimia nervoas\u0103 \u0219i deficien\u021bele de vitamine<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Tulbur\u0103ri endocrine, cum ar fi diabetul zaharat \u0219i hipotiroidismul<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Tulbur\u0103ri metabolice, cum ar fi obezitatea, ciroza \u0219i malabsorb\u021bia<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Condi\u021bii induse de medicamente, cum ar fi acidul valproic \u0219i tioureea.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Aceste condi\u021bii provoac\u0103 inflama\u021bii \u0219i disfunc\u021bii ale glandelor, afect\u00e2nd grav s\u0103n\u0103tatea oral\u0103 \u0219i dentar\u0103.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Efectele_Sialadenitei_si_Sialadenozei_Submandibulare_asupra_Urechii\"><\/span>Efectele Sialadenitei \u0219i Sialadenozei Submandibulare asupra Urechii<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Sialadenita \u0219i sialadenoza submandibulare pot afecta \u0219i zona urechii, datorit\u0103 leg\u0103turii str\u00e2nse cu anatomia cavit\u0103\u021bii bucale \u0219i a maxilarului. \u00cen special, inflama\u021bia \u0219i infec\u021bia din zona submandibular\u0103 pot exercita presiune asupra nervilor din apropierea urechii. Aceast\u0103 presiune poate cauza dureri sau disconfort la nivelul urechii. \u00cen plus, inflama\u021bia glandelor salivare se poate extinde frecvent la alte \u021besuturi din zona capului \u0219i a g\u00e2tului. \u00cen acest fel, pot ap\u0103rea sensibilitate sau umfl\u0103turi \u00een zona din spatele \u0219i sub ureche. Durerea cauzat\u0103 de inflama\u021bie variaz\u0103 \u00een func\u021bie de gravitatea infec\u021biei.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Durere \u0219i sensibilitate \u00een zona capului \u0219i a g\u00e2tului: Aceste simptome pot iradia \u00een urechi, afect\u00e2nd pacientul.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Senza\u021bie de plenitudine la nivelul urechii: Obstruc\u021bia canalelor salivare sau inflama\u021bia pot provoca o senza\u021bie de presiune \u00een jurul urechii.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Umfl\u0103turi \u00een spatele urechii: Inflama\u021bia poate provoca m\u0103rirea ganglionilor limfatici \u0219i apari\u021bia de umfl\u0103turi \u00een aceast\u0103 zon\u0103.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Aceste simptome pot afecta calitatea vie\u021bii pacien\u021bilor \u0219i necesit\u0103 tratament prompt.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Analiza_Microscopica_a_Sialadenitei_si_Sialadenozei_Submandibulare\"><\/span>Analiza Microscopic\u0103 a Sialadenitei \u0219i Sialadenozei Submandibulare<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Cazurile de sialadenit\u0103 submandibular\u0103 sunt adesea observate \u00een forme acute \u0219i cronice. \u00cen cazul sialadenitei submandibulare acute purulente, analiza microscopic\u0103 relev\u0103:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Distrugerea sever\u0103 a \u021besutului acinar,<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Infiltra\u021bie intens\u0103 de neutrofile,<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Zone de necroz\u0103 tisular\u0103.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Pe de alt\u0103 parte, \u00een cazurile de sialadenit\u0103 declan\u0219ate de factori virali, schimb\u0103rile la nivelul celulelor acinare sunt diferite:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Celule acinare pline de vacuole,<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Infiltra\u021bie intens\u0103 de limfocite.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00cen cazurile de sialadenit\u0103 cronic\u0103 asociat\u0103 cu efecte sialolitice, se observ\u0103:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Dilat\u0103ri ale canalelor,<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Inflama\u021bie cronic\u0103,<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u021aesut fibrotic.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00cen sialadenoz\u0103, principalele constat\u0103ri microscopice sunt:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Atrofia \u021besutului parenchimatic,<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Cre\u0219terea compensatorie a \u021besutului adipos.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sialadenita_si_Sialadenoza_Submandibulare_Simptome_si_Metode_de_Examinare_Fizica\"><\/span>Sialadenita \u0219i Sialadenoza Submandibulare: Simptome \u0219i Metode de Examinare Fizic\u0103<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Sialadenita submandibular\u0103 \u0219i sialadenoza prezint\u0103 simptome \u0219i constat\u0103ri clinice distincte. Sialadenita submandibular\u0103 este cauzat\u0103 de obstruc\u021bii sau infec\u021bii, \u00een timp ce sialadenoza este de obicei rezultatul unor afec\u021biuni sistemice. Pentru ambele afec\u021biuni, anamneza \u0219i examinarea fizic\u0103 sunt esen\u021biale pentru diagnosticarea corect\u0103. Simptomele includ:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Umfl\u0103turi \u00een zona submandibular\u0103<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Durere \u0219i disconfort \u00een timpul mesei<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Umfl\u0103turi recurente ale glandelor salivare<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Senza\u021bie de gust nepl\u0103cut \u00een gur\u0103<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Constat\u0103ri clinice:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Palparea glandelor pentru a evalua dimensiunea \u0219i consisten\u021ba<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Observarea fluxului de saliv\u0103 prin masajul glandei<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Examinarea ganglionilor limfatici cervicali<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00cen cazurile de infec\u021bie, ganglionii limfatici cervicali pot fi afecta\u021bi. \u00cen sialadenita cronic\u0103, durerile \u0219i umfl\u0103turile recurente sunt caracteristice. Sialadenita viral\u0103 afecteaz\u0103 de obicei mai multe glande salivare \u0219i este asociat\u0103 cu oboseal\u0103 generalizat\u0103 \u0219i dureri musculare. Sialadenoza submandibular\u0103 se caracterizeaz\u0103 prin m\u0103rire bilateral\u0103 \u0219i nedureroas\u0103 \u0219i este de obicei legat\u0103 de probleme de s\u0103n\u0103tate cronic\u0103. \u00cen ambele cazuri, este necesar un examen cranian detaliat.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Diagnosticarea_Sialadenitei_si_Sialadenozei_Submandibulare\"><\/span>Diagnosticarea Sialadenitei \u0219i Sialadenozei Submandibulare<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Procesul de diagnosticare \u00eencepe cu o anamnez\u0103 detaliat\u0103 \u0219i un examen fizic. De asemenea, sunt importante testele de laborator specifice \u0219i tehnicile imagistice:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Teste de laborator \u0219i imagistic\u0103:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Cultura \u0219i testarea sensibilit\u0103\u021bii secre\u021biilor din canal, pentru semnele de infec\u021bie.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Hemoleucograma complet\u0103, pentru a detecta semne de infec\u021bie.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Studiile imagistice includ urm\u0103toarele metode:\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"2\">Radiografia este utilizat\u0103 pentru a detecta sialoli\u021bi.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"2\">Ecografia detecteaz\u0103 sialoli\u021bi mai mari de 1 mm \u0219i abcesurile existente.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"2\">Tomografia Computerizat\u0103 (CT) este utilizat\u0103 pentru imagistica detaliat\u0103.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"2\">Sialografia digital\u0103 (DSA) relev\u0103 stenozele canalului sau daunele parenchimului.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00cen cazuri suspecte, se pot efectua RMN \u0219i citologie FNA pentru a exclude neoplazia. Testele imunologice sunt utilizate pentru a exclude bolile de \u021besut conjunctiv. Acest proces de diagnosticare detaliat asigur\u0103 o \u00een\u021belegere corect\u0103 a bolii \u0219i permite elaborarea unui plan de tratament eficient.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Metode_Eficiente_de_Tratament_si_Gestionare\"><\/span>Metode Eficiente de Tratament \u0219i Gestionare<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Sialadenita submandibular\u0103 este de obicei tratat\u0103 prin urm\u0103toarele m\u0103suri:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Asigurarea unei hidrat\u0103ri adecvate,<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Utilizarea analgezicelor pentru ameliorarea durerii,<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Aplicarea de comprese calde pe zona afectat\u0103.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Managementul sialadenozei se concentreaz\u0103 pe tratarea cauzelor subiacente ale bolii. \u00cen acest proces, se iau \u00een considerare starea general\u0103 de s\u0103n\u0103tate a pacientului, iar urm\u0103toarele metode pot fi utilizate:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Tratament medicamentos,<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Schimb\u0103ri \u00een stilul de via\u021b\u0103.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Pentru ambele afec\u021biuni, metodele de tratament variaz\u0103 \u00een func\u021bie de gravitatea bolii. \u00cen cazurile cronice sau recurente, pot fi necesare interven\u021bii mai agresive. Cu toate acestea, trebuie s\u0103 se \u021bin\u0103 cont \u00eentotdeauna de condi\u021biile de s\u0103n\u0103tate individuale \u0219i de poten\u021bialele efecte secundare atunci c\u00e2nd se selecteaz\u0103 tratamentul. Aceste abord\u0103ri urm\u0103resc \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea calit\u0103\u021bii vie\u021bii pacientului \u0219i controlul progresiei bolii.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Prognosticul_Sialadenitei_si_Sialadenozei_Submandibulare\"><\/span>Prognosticul Sialadenitei \u0219i Sialadenozei Submandibulare<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u00cen faza acut\u0103, simptomele se amelioreaz\u0103 rapid, de\u0219i edemul poate disp\u0103rea mai lent. Forma cronic\u0103 este caracterizat\u0103 de recidive \u0219i remisiuni, iar acest ciclu poate afecta calitatea vie\u021bii pacientului. Sialadenoza, \u00een general, se \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021be\u0219te semnificativ prin tratarea bolilor subiacente. \u00cen special, sialadenitele de origine autoimun\u0103 arat\u0103 o \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bire semnificativ\u0103 a simptomelor printr-o gestionare medical\u0103 adecvat\u0103:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Prognosticul dup\u0103 interven\u021bia chirurgical\u0103 pentru sialoli\u021bi este de obicei favorabil.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Atunci c\u00e2nd afec\u021biunile subiacente, cum ar fi sindromul Sj\u00f6gren, sunt gestionate eficient, simptomele se amelioreaz\u0103 \u00een mod normal.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Aceste aspecte joac\u0103 un rol important \u00een tratamentul sialadenitei \u0219i sialadenozei submandibulare.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Complicatiile_Posibile_ale_Sialadenitei_si_Sialadenozei_Submandulare\"><\/span>Complica\u021biile Posibile ale Sialadenitei \u0219i Sialadenozei Submandulare<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u00cen primul r\u00e2nd, r\u0103sp\u00e2ndirea infec\u021biei \u00een fascia g\u00e2tului poate duce la formarea de abcese. R\u0103sp\u00e2ndirea infec\u021biei poate pune pacientul \u00eentr-un risc \u0219i mai mare. \u00cen plus, reducerea produc\u021biei de saliv\u0103 scade protec\u021bia din\u021bilor \u00eempotriva eroziunii acide. Aceasta cre\u0219te considerabil riscul de apari\u021bie a cariilor dentare. \u00cen concluzie, aceste complica\u021bii includ:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Infec\u021bii recurente,<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Formarea de abcese,<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Cariile dentare.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Surse:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mediasphera.ru\/issues\/stomatologiya\/2020\/3\/1003917352020031083\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.mediasphera.ru\/issues\/stomatologiya\/2020\/3\/1003917352020031083<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1971400916682752\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1971400916682752<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Glandele salivare, care secret\u0103 saliva ce faciliteaz\u0103 digestia, joac\u0103 un rol vital \u00een men\u021binerea s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii orale. Cele trei perechi mari de glande din cavitatea bucal\u0103 produc lichidul care ajut\u0103 la mestecarea \u0219i \u00eenghi\u021birea alimentelor. Atunci c\u00e2nd func\u021bia acestor glande este redus\u0103 sau deteriorat\u0103, procesul de alimenta\u021bie poate deveni dificil \u0219i capacitatea de a sim\u021bi gustul [&#8230;]\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":4327,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[54],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8770","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cancerul-glandelor-salivare"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8770","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8770"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8770\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8826,"href":"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8770\/revisions\/8826"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4327"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8770"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8770"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8770"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}