{"id":9109,"date":"2024-09-02T12:17:47","date_gmt":"2024-09-02T12:17:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/?p=9109"},"modified":"2024-10-02T13:22:25","modified_gmt":"2024-10-02T13:22:25","slug":"ce-se-intampla-cand-tiroida-functioneaza-prea-putin-sau-prea-mult","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/ce-se-intampla-cand-tiroida-functioneaza-prea-putin-sau-prea-mult\/","title":{"rendered":"Ce se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 c\u00e2nd tiroida func\u021bioneaz\u0103 prea pu\u021bin sau prea mult?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Func\u021bionarea s\u0103n\u0103toas\u0103 a glandei tiroide este esen\u021bial\u0103 pentru func\u021biile organismului. Hipotiroidismul, adic\u0103 atunci c\u00e2nd tiroida func\u021bioneaz\u0103 lent, provoac\u0103 numeroase simptome. Printre acestea se num\u0103r\u0103 oboseala, cre\u0219terea \u00een greutate \u0219i sensibilitatea crescut\u0103 la frig. De asemenea, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41572-022-00357-7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">probleme precum depresia \u0219i pielea uscat\u0103<\/a> pot fi observate. Pe de alt\u0103 parte, \u00een cazul hipertiroidismului, tiroida produce prea mul\u021bi hormoni. Acest lucru duce la accelerarea metabolismului, pierdere \u00een greutate \u0219i probleme precum iritabilitatea. Ambele afec\u021biuni, dac\u0103 nu sunt tratate, pot duce la probleme grave de s\u0103n\u0103tate \u0219i chiar la situa\u021bii care pun via\u021ba \u00een pericol.<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_89 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Yaz\u0131 \u0130\u00e7eri\u011fi<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #ffffff;color:#ffffff\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #ffffff;color:#ffffff\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/ce-se-intampla-cand-tiroida-functioneaza-prea-putin-sau-prea-mult\/#Ce_simptome_apar_atunci_cand_tiroida_functioneaza_lent\" >Ce simptome apar atunci c\u00e2nd tiroida func\u021bioneaz\u0103 lent?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/ce-se-intampla-cand-tiroida-functioneaza-prea-putin-sau-prea-mult\/#Cum_afecteaza_tiroida_hiperactiva_greutatea_corporala\" >Cum afecteaz\u0103 tiroida hiperactiv\u0103 greutatea corporal\u0103?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/ce-se-intampla-cand-tiroida-functioneaza-prea-putin-sau-prea-mult\/#Cum_afecteaza_functia_tiroidiana_parul_si_pielea\" >Cum afecteaz\u0103 func\u021bia tiroidian\u0103 p\u0103rul \u0219i pielea?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/ce-se-intampla-cand-tiroida-functioneaza-prea-putin-sau-prea-mult\/#Care_sunt_cauzele_comune_ale_disfunctiilor_tiroidiene\" >Care sunt cauzele comune ale disfunc\u021biilor tiroidiene?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ce_simptome_apar_atunci_cand_tiroida_functioneaza_lent\"><\/span>Ce simptome apar atunci c\u00e2nd tiroida func\u021bioneaz\u0103 lent?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>C\u00e2nd glanda tiroid\u0103 nu func\u021bioneaz\u0103 suficient de bine, \u00een cazul cunoscut sub numele de hipotiroidism, pot ap\u0103rea diverse simptome. Aceast\u0103 afec\u021biune duce la \u00eencetinirea metabolismului, ceea ce provoac\u0103 o lentoare general\u0103 \u0219i o \u00eencetinire a func\u021biilor organismului. Se resimte o oboseal\u0103 constant\u0103 \u0219i o lips\u0103 de energie. \u00cen timp, aceast\u0103 oboseal\u0103 se accentueaz\u0103 \u0219i chiar activit\u0103\u021bile zilnice devin dificile. \u00cen plus, din cauza incapacit\u0103\u021bii corpului de a regla temperatura, persoanele pot sim\u021bi frigul excesiv, chiar \u0219i \u00een medii reci.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Oboseal\u0103 \u0219i sl\u0103biciune: Senza\u021bie de oboseal\u0103 extrem\u0103 pe tot parcursul zilei.<\/li>\n<li>Cre\u0219tere \u00een greutate: \u00cencetinirea metabolismului duce la cre\u0219terea \u00een greutate, chiar \u0219i f\u0103r\u0103 schimb\u0103ri \u00een diet\u0103 sau exerci\u021bii fizice.<\/li>\n<li>Sensibilitate la frig: Produc\u021bia sc\u0103zut\u0103 de c\u0103ldur\u0103 face ca persoanele s\u0103 fie extrem de sensibile la frig.<\/li>\n<li>Piele \u0219i p\u0103r uscat: Piele uscat\u0103, exfoliere \u0219i p\u0103r fragil \u0219i sub\u021bire.<\/li>\n<li>Constipa\u021bie: \u00cencetinirea sistemului digestiv duce frecvent la constipa\u021bie.<\/li>\n<li>Probleme cognitive: \u00cencetinirea func\u021biilor mentale, dificult\u0103\u021bi de concentrare \u0219i probleme de memorie.<\/li>\n<li>Durere muscular\u0103 \u0219i articular\u0103: Metabolismul \u00eencetinit \u0219i reten\u021bia de lichide pot provoca dureri.<\/li>\n<li>Deregl\u0103ri menstruale: Menstrua\u021bii mai abundente sau mai u\u0219oare dec\u00e2t de obicei.<\/li>\n<li>Bradicardie: Rata sc\u0103zut\u0103 a pulsului poate afecta negativ s\u0103n\u0103tatea general\u0103.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Netratat, hipotiroidismul poate duce la simptome mai grave. \u00cen special, umflarea fe\u021bei, a m\u00e2inilor \u0219i a picioarelor, r\u0103gu\u0219eala \u0219i chiar coma sunt posibile complica\u021bii severe. Aceste simptome indic\u0103 gravitatea afec\u021biunii \u0219i necesit\u0103 interven\u021bie medical\u0103 de urgen\u021b\u0103. De aceea, simptomele hipotiroidismului nu trebuie ignorate, iar diagnosticarea \u0219i tratamentul precoce sunt esen\u021biale.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cum_afecteaza_tiroida_hiperactiva_greutatea_corporala\"><\/span>Cum afecteaz\u0103 tiroida hiperactiv\u0103 greutatea corporal\u0103?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Hipertiroidismul este o afec\u021biune \u00een care glanda tiroid\u0103 este hiperactiv\u0103 \u0219i produce o cantitate excesiv\u0103 de hormoni tiroidieni. Aceast\u0103 situa\u021bie accelereaz\u0103 semnificativ procesele metabolice din corp. Cre\u0219terea metabolismului duce la pierderea \u00een greutate \u00een mai multe moduri. \u00cen special, aceste activit\u0103\u021bi metabolice accelerate fac ca organismul s\u0103 devin\u0103 mai eficient \u00een utilizarea energiei.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Rata metabolic\u0103 bazal\u0103 crescut\u0103 (RMB): Corpul arde mai mult\u0103 energie chiar \u0219i \u00een repaus, ceea ce duce de obicei la pierderea rapid\u0103 \u00een greutate.<\/li>\n<li>Schimb\u0103ri ale apetitului: \u00cen ciuda cre\u0219terii apetitului, rata crescut\u0103 a metabolismului duce la pierderea \u00een greutate.<\/li>\n<li>Catabolismul muscular: \u021aesutul muscular este descompus pentru a furniza energie, ceea ce duce la pierderea masei musculare \u0219i, implicit, a greut\u0103\u021bii corporale.<\/li>\n<li>Termogenez\u0103: Nivelurile ridicate de hormoni tiroidieni cresc produc\u021bia de c\u0103ldur\u0103 a corpului, acceler\u00e2nd arderea caloriilor.<\/li>\n<li>Pierdere de fluide: Transpira\u021bia excesiv\u0103 \u0219i diureza crescut\u0103 duc la pierderea de lichide \u0219i, implicit, la sc\u0103derea greut\u0103\u021bii corporale.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Aceste schimb\u0103ri ilustreaz\u0103 efectele directe ale hipertiroidismului asupra greut\u0103\u021bii corporale. Persoanele diagnosticate cu hipertiroidism sufer\u0103 de obicei o pierdere rapid\u0103 \u0219i inexplicabil\u0103 \u00een greutate. Dac\u0103 nu este tratat\u0103, aceast\u0103 afec\u021biune poate afecta negativ \u0219i alte sisteme ale corpului. Astfel, schimb\u0103rile metabolice cauzate de tiroida hiperactiv\u0103 au un impact profund asupra s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii generale.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cum_afecteaza_functia_tiroidiana_parul_si_pielea\"><\/span>Cum afecteaz\u0103 func\u021bia tiroidian\u0103 p\u0103rul \u0219i pielea?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Echilibrul hormonilor tiroidieni afecteaz\u0103 direct s\u0103n\u0103tatea p\u0103rului \u0219i a pielii. \u00cen cazul hipotiroidismului, sc\u0103derea hormonilor tiroidieni modific\u0103 structura p\u0103rului \u0219i a pielii \u00een mod negativ. P\u0103rul devine uscat, fragil \u0219i predispus la rupere. \u00cen plus, din cauza prolifer\u0103rii lente a foliculilor de p\u0103r, c\u0103derea p\u0103rului devine mai pronun\u021bat\u0103. Aceast\u0103 situa\u021bie poate afecta \u0219i spr\u00e2ncenele \u0219i genele, duc\u00e2nd la o sub\u021biere general\u0103. Suprafa\u021ba pielii devine uscat\u0103, exfoliat\u0103 \u0219i aspr\u0103. Acumularea excesiv\u0103 de caroten poate oferi pielii un aspect palid. Pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce hipotiroidismul avanseaz\u0103, pielea poate deveni umflat\u0103 \u0219i poate c\u0103p\u0103ta un aspect ceros.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cen cazul hipertiroidismului, excesul de hormoni tiroidieni are efecte diferite asupra p\u0103rului \u0219i pielii:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">P\u0103rul devine sub\u021bire \u0219i moale, dar mai predispus la c\u0103dere.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Din cauza vitezei crescute a metabolismului, foliculii de p\u0103r finalizeaz\u0103 rapid ciclurile de cre\u0219tere, ceea ce duce la sub\u021bierea p\u0103rului, \u00een special pe scalp.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Pielea, \u00een cazul hipertiroidismului, este adesea fierbinte \u0219i umed\u0103. Cre\u0219terea fluxului sanguin face ca pielea s\u0103 par\u0103 mai neted\u0103 \u0219i mai str\u0103lucitoare, dar aceast\u0103 stare face pielea mai sub\u021bire \u0219i mai fragil\u0103. Pot ap\u0103rea v\u00e2n\u0103t\u0103i \u0219i rupturi u\u0219oare. Astfel, at\u00e2t excesul, c\u00e2t \u0219i deficitul de hormoni tiroidieni au efecte clare \u0219i variate asupra s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii p\u0103rului \u0219i pielii, subliniind rolul important al tiroidei \u00een func\u021bionarea organismului.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Care_sunt_cauzele_comune_ale_disfunctiilor_tiroidiene\"><\/span>Care sunt cauzele comune ale disfunc\u021biilor tiroidiene?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Cauzele comune ale disfunc\u021biilor tiroidiene sunt diverse. \u00cen primul r\u00e2nd, bolile autoimune joac\u0103 un rol major. Tiroidita Hashimoto face ca sistemul imunitar s\u0103 atace glanda tiroid\u0103, duc\u00e2nd la hipotiroidism. \u00cen contrast, boala Graves determin\u0103 produc\u021bia excesiv\u0103 de hormoni de c\u0103tre tiroid\u0103, cauz\u00e2nd hipertiroidism. Aportul de iod are, de asemenea, un rol crucial \u00een s\u0103n\u0103tatea tiroidei. Consumul dezechilibrat de iod poate duce la urm\u0103toarele consecin\u021be:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Deficien\u021ba de iod: Hipotiroidism<\/li>\n<li>Consumul excesiv de iod: Hipertiroidism sau tiroidit\u0103<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Factorii genetici sunt, de asemenea, importan\u021bi \u00een disfunc\u021biile tiroidiene. Anumite muta\u021bii genetice declan\u0219eaz\u0103 \u00een special bolile autoimune tiroidiene. Utilizarea medicamentelor \u0219i diverse tratamente medicale pot afecta, de asemenea, func\u021biile tiroidiene. Medicamentele precum amiodarona \u0219i litiul pot perturba produc\u021bia hormonal\u0103. Tratamentele cu radia\u021bii aplicate \u00een zona capului sau a g\u00e2tului pot deteriora glanda tiroid\u0103. Anomaliile fizice pot contribui \u0219i ele la disfunc\u021bia tiroidian\u0103. Printre acestea se num\u0103r\u0103 nodulii tiroidieni \u0219i gu\u0219ile, care pot fi clasificate astfel:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Noduli tiroidieni: Produc\u021bia independent\u0103 de hormoni duce la hipertiroidism<\/li>\n<li>Gu\u0219ile mari: \u00cempiedic\u0103 func\u021bionarea corect\u0103 a glandei<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00cen final, factorii de mediu afecteaz\u0103 s\u0103n\u0103tatea tiroidei. Expunerea la substan\u021be chimice \u0219i radia\u021bii poate altera produc\u021bia hormonal\u0103 sau poate deteriora glanda tiroid\u0103. Ace\u0219ti factori ofer\u0103 o baz\u0103 esen\u021bial\u0103 pentru \u00een\u021belegerea \u0219i gestionarea disfunc\u021biilor tiroidiene.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Bibliografie:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/my.clevelandclinic.org\/health\/diseases\/12120-hypothyroidism\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/my.clevelandclinic.org\/health\/diseases\/12120-hypothyroidism<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/diseases-conditions\/hyperthyroidism\/symptoms-causes\/syc-20373659\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/diseases-conditions\/hyperthyroidism\/symptoms-causes\/syc-20373659<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Func\u021bionarea s\u0103n\u0103toas\u0103 a glandei tiroide este esen\u021bial\u0103 pentru func\u021biile organismului. Hipotiroidismul, adic\u0103 atunci c\u00e2nd tiroida func\u021bioneaz\u0103 lent, provoac\u0103 numeroase simptome. Printre acestea se num\u0103r\u0103 oboseala, cre\u0219terea \u00een greutate \u0219i sensibilitatea crescut\u0103 la frig. De asemenea, probleme precum depresia \u0219i pielea uscat\u0103 pot fi observate. Pe de alt\u0103 parte, \u00een cazul hipertiroidismului, tiroida produce prea mul\u021bi [&#8230;]\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":8146,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[40],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9109","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-otorinolaringologie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9109","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9109"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9109\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9120,"href":"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9109\/revisions\/9120"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8146"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9109"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9109"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drmurattopdag.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9109"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}